Ukuhlola Izimfihlakalo Zezinto Zekristalu
Kumhlaba we-elekthronikhi, imvamisa ye-crystal oscillator ibaluleke njengokushaya kwenhliziyo. Ukunemba nokuzinza kwakho konke lokhu kuncike ezintweni zekristalu eziyimilingo. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zezinto ezicwebezelayo, njengama-elastic constants, ukuminyana, kanye nesakhiwo se-athomu, ndawonye zinquma imvamisa yokugcina ye-crystal oscillator. Namuhla, ake sembule imfihlakalo yokuthi lezi zakhiwo zithinta kanjani i-crystal oscillator frequency.
Izakhiwo Ezibalulekile Zomzimba Zezinsimbi Zekristalu
1. Elastic Constant
I-elastic constants ye-crystalline material inquma ukuthi impahla iguga kanjani lapho ingaphansi kwamandla angaphandle. Ubukhulu obungaguquki obunwebekayo, buncane ukuguqulwa kwezinto ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okufanayo. Kumakristalu, ama-elastic constants ahlobene ngqo nemvamisa yawo yokudlidliza. Izilinganiso zokunwebeka eziphakeme ngokuvamile zihambisana namaza aphakeme wokudlidliza, ngoba okokusebenza kudinga amandla engeziwe ukuze kukhiqizwe ukuguga okufanayo ngesikhathi sokudlidliza.
2. Ukuminyana
Ukuminyana kwezinto zekristalu nakho kuthinta imvamisa yazo yokudlidliza. Izinto ezinokuminyana okuphezulu zinesisindo esikhulu ngevolumu yeyunithi ngayinye, ngaleyo ndlela zidinga amandla engeziwe ukuze zidlidlize. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela kumafrikhwensi okudlidliza aphansi.
3. Isakhiwo se-athomu
Ukuhlelwa kwama-athomu kanye nemvelo yamabhondi kumakristalu nakho kuthinta imvamisa yokudlidliza. Isibonelo, amabhondi e-Si-O kumakristalu e-quartz anamandla ebhondi ephezulu, okwenza amakristalu e-quartz adlidlizele kumafrikhwensi aphezulu. Ngokuphambene, amandla ebhondi ezintweni zobumba ngokuvamile aphansi, ngakho-ke amaza abo okudlidliza nawo aphansi.
4. I-Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
I-coefficient yokunwetshwa okushisayo kwezinto ezicwebezelayo ichaza ukuguqulwa kobukhulu bento uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha. Izinto ezine-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo zine-deformation encane lapho izinga lokushisa lishintsha, okusiza ukugcina ukuzinza kokudlidliza futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte imvamisa yokudlidliza.
5. I-Dielectric Constant
I-dielectric constant inani elibonakalayo elichaza ikhono lokuphendula lezinto ezibonakalayo endaweni kagesi. Izinto ezinezinga eliphezulu le-dielectric ngokuvamile zinamaza okudlidliza aphezulu, ngoba ukuguquguquka kwazo endaweni kagesi kukhulu futhi kudingeka amandla engeziwe ukuze kugcinwe ukudlidliza.
6. Ukucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi
Izingcindezi zangaphakathi zingase zenziwe ngesikhathi sokukhula kwamakristalu, futhi lokhu kucindezeleka kuzothinta ukwakheka kwazo nezici zokudlidliza. Ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kungase kubangele izinguquko kumvamisa yokudlidliza kwekristalu.
Isifinyezo
Kafushane, izici ezihlukahlukene ezibonakalayo ze-crystalline materials, okuhlanganisa ama-elastic constants, ukuminyana, isakhiwo se-athomu, i-coefficient of thermal expansion, i-dielectric constant, kanye nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, ndawonye zakha izici ezibalulekile ezithinta imvamisa ye-crystal oscillator. Zihlobene futhi zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zinqume izinga lemvamisa nokuzinza kwe-crystal oscillator. Ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo kubalulekile ekuklameni nasekukhetheni izinto ezifanele zekristalu ukuze uthole amasiginali anembile futhi azinzile.